Chpater 5

 

Chapter 5: Satellite and Mobile Communication

4. Describe the different types of Satellite Orbits. (3 Marks)

• GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit): Fixed at 36,000 km; moves at the same speed as Earth's rotation; used for TV and weather.

• MEO (Medium Earth Orbit): Located between 2,000 km and 36,000 km; primarily used for GPS (Navigation).

• LEO (Low Earth Orbit): Closest to Earth (below 2,000 km); used for high-speed satellite internet and spying.

5. Explain the evolution of Mobile Generations (1G to 5G). (4 Marks)

• 1G: Analog signals; Voice calls only.

• 2G: Digital signals; introduced SMS (texting) and basic data.

• 3G: Better data speeds; enabled mobile internet and video calling.

• 4G (LTE): High-speed data; enabled HD video streaming and fast apps.

• 5G: Ultra-fast speeds; low latency; supports IoT (Internet of Things) and smart cities.

6. What are the main components of a Satellite Communication System? (3 Marks)

• Uplink Station: The ground station that sends signals up to the satellite.

• Transponder: The equipment inside the satellite that receives, amplifies, and changes the frequency of the signal.

• Downlink Station: The ground station that receives the signal back from the satellite.