Chapter 8

 

Chapter 8: Robotics

 Explain Robotics with a block diagram. (4 Marks)

• Definition: The study of designing, constructing, and operating robots.

• Sensors: Devices that detect physical parameters (e.g., IR, Ultrasonic, Temperature) and convert them into electrical signals.

• Controller: The central unit (Microcontroller) that processes sensor data and sends signals to actuators.

• Actuators: Components that perform physical motion (e.g., DC motors, Servo motors).

• Power Supply: Provides the energy for the entire system.

Distinguish between Sensors and Actuators. (3 Marks)

• Sensors: Function as the "Input" of the robot; they gather information from the surrounding environment.

• Actuators: Function as the "Output" of the robot; they execute commands to produce physical movement or mechanical action.

List any three applications of Robots. (3 Marks)

• Industrial: Used in assembly lines for tasks like welding, painting, and heavy material handling.

• Medical: Utilized for high-precision surgical procedures.

• Hazardous Tasks: Employed for dangerous missions such as bomb disposal, deep-sea exploration, or space exploration (Rovers).

 Describe the role of a Controller in a Robot. (3 Marks)

• The Controller (usually a Microcontroller) acts as the "brain."

• It receives data from various sensors.

• It processes the data based on programmed instructions and triggers the actuators to perform specific actions.