1. Which number system serves as the foundation for all digital computing?
* [ ] A) Decimal
* [x] B) Binary
* [ ] C) Octal
* [ ] D) Hexadecimal
2. In binary logic, the voltage level representing a "High" state is typically denoted by which number?
* [ ] A) 0
* [x] B) 1
* [ ] C) 5
* [ ] D) 10
3. Which logic gate is known as an "Inverter"?
* [ ] A) AND Gate
* [ ] B) OR Gate
* [x] C) NOT Gate
* [ ] D) NAND Gate
4. Which gate produces a HIGH output only when all of its inputs are HIGH?
* [ ] A) OR Gate
* [x] B) AND Gate
* [ ] C) NOR Gate
* [ ] D) XOR Gate
5. A NAND gate is a combination of which two gates?
* [ ] A) OR and NOT
* [x] B) AND and NOT
* [ ] C) AND and OR
* [ ] D) NOT and NOR
6. What is the output of an OR gate if one input is 1 and the other is 0?
* [ ] A) 0
* [x] B) 1
* [ ] C) 10
* [ ] D) Floating
7. Which gate is considered a "Universal Gate" because it can be used to create any other logic gate?
* [ ] A) AND Gate
* [x] B) NOR Gate
* [ ] C) XOR Gate
* [ ] D) NOT Gate
8. How many bits are there in a single "Byte"?
* [ ] A) 4 bits
* [x] B) 8 bits
* [ ] C) 16 bits
* [ ] D) 32 bits
9. Which logic gate produces a HIGH output only when the inputs are different?
* [ ] A) AND Gate
* [ ] B) OR Gate
* [x] C) XOR Gate
* [ ] D) XNOR Gate
10. What is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 1010?
* [ ] A) 8
* [x] B) 10
* [ ] C) 12
* [ ] D) 15
11. Which electronic component is primarily used as a fast-acting switch in digital circuits?
* [ ] A) Resistor
* [ ] B) Capacitor
* [x] C) Transistor
* [ ] D) Inductor
12. The process of converting analog signals into a sequence of binary numbers is called:
* [ ] A) Modulation
* [x] B) Digitization (A/D Conversion)
* [ ] C) Amplification
* [ ] D) Rectification
13. What is the output of a NOR gate when both inputs are 0?
* [x] A) 1
* [ ] B) 0
* [ ] C) -1
* [ ] D) High Impedance
14.Which of the following are considered basic logic gates used in digital electronics?
* [ ] A) NAND and NOR
* [x] B) AND, OR, and NOT
* [ ] C) XOR and XNOR
* [ ] D) Seven-segment display
15. Which integrated circuit (IC) series is most commonly associated with standard TTL logic gates?
* [ ] A) 555 Series
* [x] B) 7400 Series
* [ ] C) 4000 Series
* [ ] D) LM Series
16. What does "LSB" stand for in digital electronics?
* [ ] A) Low State Bit
* [ ] B) Longest Signal Bit
* [x] C) Least Significant Bit
* [ ] D) Logic Sequence Bit
17. To implement an AND gate using only NAND gates, how many NAND gates are required in total?
* [ ] A) 1
* [x] B) 2
* [ ] C) 3
* [ ] D) 4
18. Which logic gate's operation can be described as "Inverted OR"?
* [ ] A) NAND
* [x] B) NOR
* [ ] C) XNOR
* [ ] D) AND
19. Which digital IC is used as a decade counter to drive a 7-segment display in digital electronic applications?
* [ ] A) IC 741
* [ ] B) IC 555
* [x] C) IC 7490
* [ ] D) IC 7805
20.In a 7-segment display, which segments must be turned ON to display the number "1"?
* [ ] A) a and b
* [x] B) b and c
* [ ] C) c and d
* [ ] D) f and g
